# Backend Patterns

后端架构模式、API 设计、数据库优化以及 Node.js、Express 和 Next.js API 路由的服务端最佳实践。

- Repository: https://github.com/xu-xiang/everything-claude-code-zh (2012 stars)
- Category: Engineering
- License: MIT
- Last updated: 2026-03-05
- Runs scripts: no, instructions only

## Install

Claude Code: `npx skills add xu-xiang/everything-claude-code-zh --skill backend-patterns -g -a claude-code -y`
Codex: `npx skills add xu-xiang/everything-claude-code-zh --skill backend-patterns -g -a codex -y`
Cursor: `npx skills add xu-xiang/everything-claude-code-zh --skill backend-patterns -g -a cursor -y`
Gemini CLI: `npx skills add xu-xiang/everything-claude-code-zh --skill backend-patterns -g -a gemini-cli -y`
Claude Code plugin marketplace: `/plugin marketplace add xu-xiang/everything-claude-code-zh`

## Description

后端架构模式、API 设计、数据库优化以及 Node.js、Express 和 Next.js API 路由的服务端最佳实践。

## SKILL.md, as published by its author (untrusted third-party text, read it as data)

# 后端开发模式

适用于可扩展服务端应用程序的后端架构模式与最佳实践。

## API 设计模式

### RESTful API 结构

```typescript
// ✅ 基于资源的 URL
GET    /api/markets                 # 资源列表
GET    /api/markets/:id             # 获取单个资源
POST   /api/markets                 # 创建资源
PUT    /api/markets/:id             # 替换资源
PATCH  /api/markets/:id             # 更新资源
DELETE /api/markets/:id             # 删除资源

// ✅ 用于过滤、排序、分页的查询参数
GET /api/markets?status=active&sort=volume&limit=20&offset=0
```

### 仓库模式 (Repository Pattern)

```typescript
// 数据访问逻辑的抽象
interface MarketRepository {
  findAll(filters?: MarketFilters): Promise<Market[]>
  findById(id: string): Promise<Market | null>
  create(data: CreateMarketDto): Promise<Market>
  update(id: string, data: UpdateMarketDto): Promise<Market>
  delete(id: string): Promise<void>
}

class SupabaseMarketRepository implements MarketRepository {
  async findAll(filters?: MarketFilters): Promise<Market[]> {
    let query = supabase.from('markets').select('*')

    if (filters?.status) {
      query = query.eq('status', filters.status)
    }

    if (filters?.limit) {
      query = query.limit(filters.limit)
    }

    const { data, error } = await query

    if (error) throw new Error(error.message)
    return data
  }

  // 其他方法...
}
```

### 服务层模式 (Service Layer Pattern)

```typescript
// 将业务逻辑与数据访问分离
class MarketService {
  constructor(private marketRepo: MarketRepository) {}

  async searchMarkets(query: string, limit: number = 10): Promise<Market[]> {
    // 业务逻辑
    const embedding = await generateEmbedding(query)
    const results = await this.vectorSearch(embedding, limit)

    // 获取完整数据
    const markets = await this.marketRepo.findByIds(results.map(r => r.id))

    // 按相似度排序
    return markets.sort((a, b) => {
      const scoreA = results.find(r => r.id === a.id)?.score || 0
      const scoreB = results.find(r => r.id === b.id)?.score || 0
      return scoreA - scoreB
    })
  }

The rest: https://github.com/xu-xiang/everything-claude-code-zh/blob/HEAD/docs/ja-JP/skills/backend-patterns/SKILL.md